"Rostam in the Twenty Second Century" the beginning of science fiction novel in Iran: Critical and Analytical Study

  Numerous critical studies are concerned with Persian literature Various literary works were questioned in order to determine the principles and foundations that guide the literary movement, by research in the nature of literature, its types, its purposes, and its formation methods. One of these genres is science fiction literature, which based on scientific facts and theories as focal point, from which the human imagination sets off, to weave through it literary masterpieces that are no less important than their counterparts in other literary arts, due to the creativity, aesthetics, and power of style that characterizes their text. The study takes the novel "Rustam in the Twenty-Second Century" as its centerpiece, as it is the first science fiction novel in Iran. The analytical-critical approach was adopted in preparing this research, trying to answer the question, which is how was the origin of science fiction novels in Iran? What are the most important features of the beginning of this type of novel in Iran? How did he employ my science fiction industry in his novel, and to what extent did he succeed in that? The study came in two sections. In the first section, it dealt with the features of the artistic construction of the novel, including thresholds, characters, time, and place. In the second section, it dealt with the science fiction techniques used by the author.