Governmental Measures Related to Protecting Border Communities from Landmine Risks: A Sociological Study on a Sample of Experts (Executive Secretariat for Landmine Removal in Cairo)

          Landmines in Egypt constituted a deep crisis for the residents of the border communities affected by them, and a chronic problem that the Egyptian state suffered from - and still is - in its eastern and western deserts, over the past (70) years until today, especially after the end of the wars and conflicts that were raging on its lands, This disaster also represented an existential threat to members of the border community, and a potential enemy against the Egyptian army forces and civilians, in addition to having harmed the development and progress of the Egyptian state, and delayed the development process in some of its border governorates. Accordingly, the Egyptian government sought during the years (2015/2023) to Intensifying programs and procedures related to the clearance of border governorates from mines and unexploded ordnance, and based on this proposition, the current study aimed to reveal these measures (the new government plans and programs), and evaluate their effectiveness in terms of protecting the border community and building its capacities, and their effectiveness in addressing mine problems and their negative repercussions on security and development, as well as showing the latest governmental protection mechanisms provided to members of the border community, to help them and raise their level of awareness to face the dangers posed by these "hidden" weapons. Evidence applied to a "intentional" sample consisting of (32) single experts from the "Executive Secretariat for Demining and Northwest Coast Development at the Ministry of International Cooperation" in Cairo. border? In response to this question; The results of the study revealed that the Egyptian government has intensified its military and legislative efforts to remove mines, and found the most prominent government measures to enhance social and political security in mined areas, in addition to evaluating the latest government policies to support economic, urban and tourism security there, as well as reviewing a number of new programs adopted by the state. to combat terrorism in mined communities, and to determine the extent of its effectiveness, as the results revealed diplomatic plans to confront the mine crisis and mechanisms for building resilience, and finally; The study presented a strategic proposal aimed at enhancing combating mine risks and their social threats (for the benefit of border residents in Egypt).