Czech arms deal maneuvers between a rising national power and two fighters superpowers: 1953- 1955

Document Type : Original Article

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History Department, faculty of Arts, Damanhour unv,

Abstract

At the beginning of 1953, the “Cold War” entered its second phase, with the arrival to power of two new administrations in both the United States and the Soviet Union. They engaged in “practical application” of the theoretical debates that these two major powers had engaged in during the first phase of this war, starting in 1947. And with the arrival of this new stage, the effects of which were reflected on the entire world, other local and regional forces appeared that were trying to exist between these two great powers, either by orbiting them, or by not siding with them, so the diplomatic, media and propaganda maneuvers were at their peak.
Egypt was among those emerging local and regional powers that wanted to arm its army and modernize its general situation. It fell between these two great powers, and ultimately succeeded in benefiting from their conflict and competition over the entire world. Egypt obtained new weapons from the Eastern bloc in 1955. This new situation not only invalidated the effectiveness of the “Baghdad Pact,” or the West’s monopoly on armament sources in the region, and its dominance over all political, military, and economic matters there, but at the same time this deal strengthened Egypt’s position and leadership locally, regionally, and internationally. We add that it encouraged many emerging nationalities to pursue a policy similar to what the Egyptian state pursued, by maneuvering on the sidelines of this competition between the two major camps, and this is what this research discusses in detail.
 

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